What term describes the cause that, in a natural and continuous sequence, produces the loss without which the loss would not occur?

The term "proximate cause" refers to a cause that directly leads to an event or loss in a natural and uninterrupted manner. This means that the proximate cause is the immediate or primary reason that something happens; without this specific cause, the loss would not have occurred. In legal and insurance contexts, identifying the proximate cause is important because it establishes a clear connection between the cause and the effect, enabling parties to understand liability and responsibility.

The other options, while related to causation, have different implications. "Effectual cause" is not a standard term used in this context, while "primary cause" suggests a broader scope that may include multiple contributing factors rather than the direct, immediate cause. "Final cause" typically refers to the ultimate purpose or aim of an action or situation, rather than the step-by-step process leading to a specific outcome. Therefore, the choice of "proximate cause" correctly identifies the necessary cause that produces the loss.